Level: elementary The Past Perfect Level: elementary

يستخدم هذا الزمن للتعبير عن حدث حصل و انتهى في لحظة ما في زمن الماضي.

يأتي هذا الزمن عادة مع كلمات مثل :Befor – which – as soon as       After   -   :

1.I had washed before I prayed.

2.They went home after they had finished their work.

3.Ahmed had eaten the cake which he bought.

4.As soon as they had bought a car, they drove to Makkah

The structure of the past perfect tense is:

The past perfect tense expresses action in the past before another action in the past. This is the past in the past. For example:

·   The train left at 9am. We arrived at 9.15am. When we arrived, the train had left.

 

Look at some more examples:

·        I wasn’t hungry. I had just eaten.  

·        They were hungry. They had not eaten for five hours.

·        I didn’t know who he was. I had never seen him before.

·        “Mary wasn’t at home when I arrived.”
“Really? Where had she gone?”

You can sometimes think of the past perfect tense like the present perfect tense, but instead of the time being now the time is past.

For example, imagine that you arrive at the station at 9.15am. The stationmaster says to you:

·        “You are too late. The train has left.”

Later, you tell your friends:

·        “We were too late. The train had left.”

We often use the past perfect tense in reported speech after verbs like said, told, asked, thought, wondered:

Look at these examples:

·        He told us that the train had left.

·        I thought I had met her before, but I was wrong.

·        I asked them why they had not finished.

Past Perfect – Simple Past

1) After Fred had spent his holiday in Italy he wanted to learn Italian.

2) Jill had phoned Dad at work before she left for her trip.

3) Susan turned on the radio after she had washed the dishes.

4) When she arrived, the match had already started.

5) Before he sang a song he had played the guitar.

7) She watched a video after the children had gone to bed.

After Eric had made breakfast he phoned his friend.

9) I was very tired because I had studied too much.

10) When I arrived at the cinema, the film had started.

IRREGULAR VERBS IN GROUPS

THE PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PARTICIPLE ARE THE SAME:

1)

cost cut hit hurt let put shut

cost cut hit hurt let put shut

2)                                                 

lend send spend build	lent sent spent built
burn learn smell	burnt Learnt smelt

 

feel leave meet dream mean

felt left met dreamt meant

lose shoot get light sit	lost shot got lit sat
Keep sleep	kept slept

 

   

 

3)

bring buy fight think catch teach

brought bought fought thought caught taught

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

find have hear hold read say

found had heard held read said

4)

sell tell

sold told

stand understand

stood understood

 

 

 

pay make

paid maid

                                     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

THE PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PARTICIPLE ARE DIFFERENT

1)

 

break choose speak steal wake

broke chose spoke stole woke

broken chosen spoken stolen woken

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eat fal forget give see take

ate fell forgot gave saw took

eaten fallen forgotten given seen taken

2)                                                 3)

drive ride rise write	drove rode rose wrote	driven ridden risen written
beat bite hide	beat bit hid	beaten bitten hidden

           

4)                                                5)

blow grow know throw fly draw show

blew grew knew threw flew drew showed

blown grown known thrown flown drawn shown

begin drink swim ring sing run

began drank swam rang sang ran

began drunk swum rung sung run

                                                                                                  

6)

come    become

came became

come become