THE PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past Perfect Tense Grammar In Context

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A Surprise Reunion

It was a typical sunny day when John decided to visit his old college. As he walked around the campus, he was flooded with memories. He had spent the best years of his life there, making lifelong friends and unforgettable memories. At the main building, he met Ms. Patterson, his favorite literature professor. To John’s surprise, she remembered him instantly. She said she had just mentioned him in class the previous week. John was touched. They had shared so many discussions about novels and poetry during his time at the college.

While they were chatting, John’s college friend Peter suddenly appeared. They hadn’t seen each other for over ten years! Peter revealed he had come back to give a guest lecture that afternoon. The two friends had always talked about returning to the college together one day, but life had taken them on different paths.

That evening, they all gathered at a local café. As they reminisced about the past, it became evident that though years had passed, the bond they had formed in college was still as strong as ever.

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Past Perfect Tense (Geçmişte Tamamlanmış Zaman)

Olumlu Cümle Yapısı:
Subject + had + V3 (fiilin üçüncü hali) + …

Olumsuz Cümle Yapısı:
Subject + had + not + V3 + …

Soru Cümlesi Yapısı:
Had + subject + V3 + …?

Örnek Cümleler:

1. By the time I got to the station, the train had already departed.
   • İstasyona vardığımda tren zaten kalkmıştı.
2. They felt at ease because they had met the manager before.
   • Daha önce müdürle tanıştıkları için rahat hissettiler.
3. She wondered if he had ever encountered such a challenge in his previous job.
   • Önceki işinde böyle bir zorlukla karşılaşıp karşılaşmadığını merak etti.

Past Perfect Tense Kullanım Alanları ve Özellikleri:

1. İki geçmiş olay arasında sıralama belirtmek için:
   • He couldn’t attend the meeting because it had finished by the time he arrived.
   • Geldiğinde toplantı zaten bitmiş olduğu için toplantıya katılamadı.
2. “By + zaman zarfı” ile kullanıldığında:
   • By the end of the year, she had saved enough money to buy a new car.
   • Yıl sonuna kadar yeni bir araba almak için yeterli parayı biriktirmişti.
3. “Wish” ifadesi ile geçmişte olmasını istediğimiz fakat olmamış olayları ifade etmek için:
   • I wish I had known about the surprise party; I wouldn’t have revealed it!
   • Sürpriz partiden haberdar olsaydım, onu ifşa etmezdim!
4. “If only” ifadesi ile keşke anlamında geçmişteki pişmanlıklarımızı ifade ederken:
   • If only he had listened to her advice.
   • Keşke onun tavsiyesini dinleseydi.

Past Perfect Tense Time Adverbs (Zaman İfadeleri)

1. already – (zaten)
   • She had already left when I arrived.
   • Geldiğimde o zaten gitmişti.
2. before – (önce)
   • I had seen the movie before.
   • Filmi daha önce görmüştüm.
3. by the time – (zamanına kadar, … zaman geldiğinde)
   • By the time we arrived, the show had started.
   • Geldiğimizde gösteri başlamıştı.
4. just – (az önce)
   • He had just finished his meal.
   • Yemeğini az önce bitirmişti.
5. after – (sonra)
   • After she had read the book, she watched the movie.
   • Kitabı okuduktan sonra filmi izledi.
6. until/till – (kadar)
   • She hadn’t visited Paris until she turned 30.
   • 30 yaşına kadar Paris’i ziyaret etmemişti.
7. as soon as – (yapar yapmaz)
   • I called her as soon as I had heard the news.
   • Haberleri duyar duymaz onu aradım.
8. when – (zaman)
   • When I reached the station, the train had departed.
   • İstasyona vardığımda tren kalkmıştı.

Past Perfect Tense Explained

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The “Past Perfect Tense” in English is used to describe an action or situation that was completed before another action or event in the past. Formed with the auxiliary verb “had” followed by the past participle of the main verb, it often serves to highlight the sequence of past events. For example, in the sentence “I had finished my work when he called,” the use of “had finished” (past perfect) indicates that the action of finishing the work was completed before the action of him calling.

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İngilizce’de “Past Perfect Tense” (Geçmişte Tamamlanmış Zaman), geçmişteki başka bir eylem veya olaydan önce tamamlanmış bir eylemi veya durumu tanımlamak için kullanılır. Yardımcı fiil “had” ve ana fiilin üçüncü hali (past participle) ile oluşturulur ve sıklıkla geçmişteki olayların sırasını vurgulamak için kullanılır. Örneğin, “I had finished my work when he called” (İşi bitirdiğimde o aradı) cümlesinde “had finished” (past perfect) kullanımı, işi bitirme eyleminin onun aramasından önce tamamlandığını gösterir.

Test of Past Perfect Tense

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Past Perfect Tense Testi

1. By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie _.
   a) starts
   b) had started
   c) starting
   d) was starting
2. I couldn’t call him because I _ my phone at home.
   a) forget
   b) was forgetting
   c) had forgotten
   d) forgot
3. If she _ the truth, she wouldn’t have made that decision.
   a) knows
   b) had known
   c) knowing
   d) knew
4. They felt relieved because they _ the test before the deadline.
   a) finishes
   b) finish
   c) had finished
   d) were finishing
5. Sarah _ abroad before she moved to Canada.
   a) never travels
   b) never traveled
   c) had never traveled
   d) was never traveling

Cevaplar:

1. b) had started
2. c) had forgotten
3. b) had known
4. c) had finished
5. c) had never traveled

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Past Perfect Tense Boşluk Doldurma Testi

1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone _ (leave).
2. She couldn’t believe her eyes when she realized she _ (lose) her wallet.
3. If they _ (know) about the traffic, they would have left earlier.
4. I felt like I had seen the man before, but I wasn’t sure where I _ (meet) him.
5. After he _ (eat) lunch, he decided to go for a walk in the park.

Cevaplar:

1. had left
2. had lost
3. had known
4. had met
5. had eaten

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Past Perfect Tense Eşleştirme Testi

A Sütunu

1. By the time I got there,
2. She was sad because she
3. After they
4. The grass was wet because it
5. If he

B Sütunu
a) had finished the marathon.
b) had known about the surprise, he would have come earlier.
c) had lost her favorite book.
d) had rained.
e) had eaten, they felt much better.

Eşleştirmelerinizi yapınız.

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Cevaplar:

1 – e) had eaten, they felt much better.
2 – c) had lost her favorite book.
3 – a) had finished the marathon.
4 – d) had rained.
5 – b) had known about the surprise, he would have come earlier.

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Yardımcı Bağlantılar

Dersimizin akabinde şu bağlantıda ki Past Perfect tense alıştırmalarını çözebilirsiniz.

Ayrıca şu Wiki sayfasına bir göz atmanızı öneririz.

Ayrıca web sitemizde bulunan tüm İngilizce zamanlar konumuzla bilgilerinizi revize edebilirsiniz.

Yardımcı Kaynaklar

Üzgünüm, doğrudan bağlantı sağlama yeteneğim bulunmamaktadır. Ancak, “Past Perfect Tense” öğrenmek için araştırabileceğiniz bazı popüler kaynak ve platformları önererek size yol gösterebilirim:

1. British Council – İngilizce dil bilgisi konularında mükemmel kaynaklara sahip olan bu site, açıklayıcı bilgiler, örnekler ve alıştırmalar sunmaktadır.
2. Cambridge English – Cambridge English, dil bilgisi konularını detaylı bir şekilde ele alan birçok kaynağa sahiptir.
3. Oxford Online English – Video dersleri ve interaktif alıştırmalarla desteklenen kaliteli İngilizce dil bilgisi materyalleri sunar.
4. BBC Learning English – Bu site, dil bilgisi konularını pratik yaparak öğrenmenizi sağlayan çeşitli video ve interaktif içeriklere sahiptir.
5. EngVid – Farklı konularda yüzlerce ücretsiz İngilizce video dersine ev sahipliği yapan bir platformdur.

Bu platformları ve kaynakları ziyaret ederek “Past Perfect Tense” ile ilgili konuları aratarak öğrenme materyalleri bulabilirsiniz.